Social workers protest perceived role in children’s deaths
Fourteen children died last year from abuse or neglect while on social workers’ watch. The county workers say huge caseloads are to blame.
http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-social-workers29-2009apr29,0,4661265.story
By Molly Hennessy-Fiske
8:23 PM PDT, April 28, 2009
Nearly 100 Los Angeles County social workers protested outside a county supervisors’ meeting Tuesday, complaining that they had been unfairly blamed for the deaths last year of 14 children whom they had monitored.
Social workers arrived toting handmade signs that read “So many children, so few social workers,” and several spoke during the meeting about “systemic problems” with the child welfare system that lead to such deaths, despite what they called their “heroic” efforts.
“I’m here today because I want you to know I believe in my work and the work of my colleagues,” said Taunya Taylor, one of 53 county staff members involved in the cases and restricted to desk jobs while the Department of Children and Family Services investigates.
The deaths, all stemming from abuse or neglect, were first publicly reported in The Times last week.
Though supervisors had previously been informed of the deaths, the public tally last week caused some to express shock and outrage. Supervisor Michael Antonovich demanded an investigation into the deaths.
On Tuesday, supervisors unanimously approved a proposal by Supervisor Mark Ridley-Thomas calling for a report from the county chief executive, Family Services, and the Probation Department about the deaths and social workers’ training.
Supervisors then met in a closed session to interview candidates for the position of lead attorney for the Children’s Special Investigations Unit, who will be charged with identifying systemic problems in Family Services. The post has been vacant for more than a year.
“We have tremendous social workers and some of our children have been saved by them. But some of them need training and need to follow their own policies,” said Supervisor Gloria Molina, citing cases in which a child died after months of malnourishment or soon after a social worker’s visit.
The problem of children dying on social workers’ watch was not isolated to 2008. In 2007, there were 12 such deaths reported that were attributed to abuse and neglect; in 2006, there were 14. (40 total that we know of….)
Shortly after the 2008 deaths became public, Trish Ploehn, director of Children and Family Services, launched investigations into 10 of the cases. Ploehn has assigned all staff involved in the cases to desk jobs, including 23 social workers, 21 supervisors, eight managers and a public health nurse. The investigations are likely to result in disciplinary action, department officials said.
On Tuesday, Ploehn told county supervisors that she has changed department policy to require a review of social worker conduct within two weeks of a child’s death, including a random review of a sample of the social worker’s cases. If sampling shows evidence of improper conduct, the social worker will automatically be referred to internal investigations and assigned a desk job. If there is no such evidence, he or she can return to work, Ploehn said.
“I don’t want to pull people who don’t need to be pulled,” Ploehn said. The department employs about 3,300 social workers, she said.
Ploehn said she pulled the workers involved in the 10 cases from 2008 because, “I have some concerns about the social workers’ performance.”
But social workers told county supervisors it was unfair to reassign them because of the deaths.
They said the 14 deaths resulted from outdated technology, understaffing and unmanageable caseloads — problems Ploehn cited last week when she appeared before supervisors.
“We are tired of being blamed for a system that is broken and over which we have no control,” said Tony Bravo, a supervising children’s social worker in Commerce who has worked for the department for 28 years. “We want to be part of the healing process. We know what it takes to keep children safe.”
Bravo and other social workers conceded that the circumstances of many of the 2008 deaths were shocking, indicative of “systemic problems” in the way the department monitors and protects children.
The 14 deaths included that of a 1-year-old girl left alone with her mother last March despite a court order requiring monitored visits, and another 1-year-old who died May 8 after a baby-sitter allegedly punished her for jumping on the bed. Family Services had received 11 complaints to the child abuse hotline related to the second child’s family.
David Green, who has been a social worker in Pasadena for nine years, said that for social workers to better monitor such cases, they need new computers and background-check programs similar to those used by police.
Green and Bravo serve on the executive board of the union that represents most county social workers, Service Employees International Union Local 721, which sent a busload of social workers to Tuesday’s meeting. They and other union leaders met with supervisors’ deputies Monday and urged them not to bench social workers at a time when caseloads are nearly double what’s recommended, about 30 cases per worker.
They said deputies seemed receptive.
“My hope is we continue to work together to make sure our families and children are safe,” Green said.
molly.hennessy-fiske@latimes.com
Shocking News, Yet Familiar Too
http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-child-death222009apr22,0,4734711.story
Shocking news, yet familiar too
L.A. County supervisors are shocked at reports of more deaths from child abuse and neglect, but the pattern is familiar.
By Garrett Therolf and Kim Christensen
April 22, 2009
One county supervisor expressed shock, another fired off a press release demanding an investigation. But Monday’s revelations that 14 children died last year as the result of abuse or neglect despite being under the watch of child welfare authorities should have come as no surprise to the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors.
In 2007, the number was 12, according to figures released Tuesday. In 2006, the number was 14. The types of systemic failures that led to the deaths also were the same.
“The only difference really between 2006 and ’07 on the one hand and 2008 on the other is that 2008 is public and it made the front page of the newspaper,” Supervisor Zev Yaroslavsky acknowledged at the board’s regular meeting.
Turning to Children and Family Services Director Trish Ploehn, he asked:
“This is not news to you or to us, correct?”
“That’s correct. I know about the deaths and you’ve known about the deaths,” Ploehn replied.
Indeed, the supervisors were notified every time a child who had at least one prior contact with Family Services died. Case after case landed on their desks in which children died despite multiple complaints against their parents and repeated visits from social workers. Many of the investigations, however, did not substantiate the earlier allegations.
In addition to the 14 cases where abuse or neglect was determined to cause the deaths in 2008, supervisors were notified of 154 deaths that occurred the same year from other causes, including accidents, shootings, and natural or undetermined reasons.
Supervisor Gloria Molina, who Monday had called the 14 deaths shocking, said Tuesday that some of the others might also have been caused by abuse, neglect or county errors.
In some of the cases, she said, “you’re still looking at not-high-quality social work.”
Child welfare officials say they have repeatedly recommended a key reform: more social workers.
“In our budget every year,” Ploehn said, “we have made it clear that the ideal is to have a caseload of between 12 and 15 children per social worker. That’s what the research bears out. That’s what they have in New York City. We are unable to have that caseload because we would have to have over 1,000 new social workers hired, and obviously, in this budget situation, that’s impossible.”
Yaroslavsky responded, “Of course it’s not possible, and so you do the next best thing. . . . You try to have some organized information about your caseload so that the social worker you send to a person’s home has as much information about the background and the history of that household.”
But confidentiality rules stand in the way of developing a computer system that would allow social workers to efficiently share data with other agencies so they might learn about a parent’s criminal history or a child’s unexplained injuries. Adjusting those rules would require legislation.
Supervisor Michael D. Antonovich, whose motion to launch an investigation into the 14 deaths was approved Tuesday, lamented the county’s slow progress. “Why is it taking so long?. . . . I don’t understand why it takes so long to make recommendations when as we speak there are children right now who are asking for help and not receiving it,” he said.
Adelina Sorkin, a member of the county’s commission for children and families, said recommendations had reached supervisors’ desks years before.
“In 2001, we made a report to the department as well as this board regarding the issue of sharing information,” she said. “We have missed opportunities. . . . We have to move faster.”
The issue has only now gained momentum with the release of 14 files Monday detailing the circumstances that led to children’s deaths in 2008. The information was released in response to a California Public Records Act request by The Times. Child welfare officials said Tuesday that 53 social workers are assigned to “desk jobs” pending investigation of policy breakdowns involved in 10 of the 14 deaths. Officials said information was not immediately available regarding any discipline for 2007 or 2006 cases.
The 2007 deaths follow a similar pattern to those in 2008, according to additional records obtained by The Times.
One involved a 2-year-old boy whose mother said she found him unconscious after he made a “gurgling sound,” according to a child fatality questionnaire submitted by the county to the state.
The boy was pronounced dead at a hospital, where the attending physician discounted the mother’s explanation, noting that the child had “swelling to his face, a hematoma and swelling to the side of his head, bruising to his forehead and cheeks, red marks covering his nose, a distended abdomen” and small scars on his forearm and knee.
“He also had what was determined to be a healing femur fracture and his upper teeth were missing,” according to the report.
The dead boy’s family had had four previous contacts with county child welfare workers, who in August 2004 substantiated an allegation of general neglect.
A month later, an allegation of physical abuse was deemed inconclusive.
garrett.therolf@latimes.com
kim.christensen@latimes.com
Files detail deaths of 14 children
The abuse cases came from families that had been under scrutiny by L.A. County child welfare officials.
By Garrett Therolf and Kim Christensen
April 21, 2009
Fourteen children died of abuse and neglect in Los Angeles County last year despite coming from families that had been under the scrutiny of child welfare officials, records released Monday show.
The family of a boy who died of multiple skull fractures had been reported 25 times to the Department of Children and Family Services and the mother had a known history of methamphetamine use. In other families, children died within months or even one day after a social worker’s last visit.
The records, which included previously confidential family services and police reports, medical charts and other documents, were obtained by The Times through a California Public Records Act request and provide the first comprehensive snapshot of child fatalities countywide.
A new state law that took effect last year loosened the confidentiality requirements that had kept most such information from public view.
All told, the records show, 32 children in the county died in 2008 from abuse and neglect, including physical assault, drowning and malnourishment.
Eighteen of the children were in families that had never been in contact with the family services agency.
But the other 14 families should have been well-known to child welfare officials, based on previous referrals and investigations. For whatever reasons, many of the earlier allegations were not substantiated.
In 10 of those cases, the agency has launched investigations that will probably result in discipline against social workers, agency officials said.
“These are shocking cases,” said county Supervisor Gloria Molina, who contends that disciplinary and training procedures need to be dramatically improved in the department. “The biggest problem is that no lessons are learned.”
Agency officials say they lack adequate resources to handle daunting caseloads.
The heavily redacted files paint a horrific picture of the circumstances in which the children died. Among the cases:
* A 1-year-old girl who was left alone with her mother last March, despite a court order requiring monitored visits. The girl had fallen down the stairs and hit her head, her mother told authorities, explaining that she gave the girl an ice pack, put her to bed and went back to doing the laundry.
Only three hours later, when the child’s grandmother returned, did the family realize that she was unconscious. Doctors found the scenario described by the mother as “highly unlikely,” concluding the girl had died of blunt force trauma “consistent with being thrown or slammed against a hard surface.”
Child welfare records show the mother had a history of neglect.
* Another 1-year-old girl who died May 8 after a babysitter allegedly punished her for jumping on the bed. The sitter allegedly knocked the girl’s feet out from under her and slammed her head against a dresser, according to police.
Family Services had received 11 complaints to the child abuse hotline related to the baby’s family. One call occurred four months before the child’s death, when her 18-year-old mother was arrested for petty theft.
Police at the time discovered extensive “unexplained injuries” on the infant, including “dirty and pink eyes” and rashes on her buttocks that were “almost bleeding.”
Still, social workers determined that the allegation of general neglect was “inconclusive.” The child remained with her mother after a social worker overruled a computer-generated recommendation that stronger action be taken.
* An 18-month-old boy who was found breathing but unconscious last May. His mother’s boyfriend told them that the child had choked on a penny. When patting the boy’s back didn’t dislodge it, the man told medics and a sheriff’s deputy, he tried to perform the Heimlich maneuver on him.
At the hospital, however, tests revealed that the boy had suffered hemorrhaging on the right side of his brain, an injury that was “indicative of shaken baby syndrome,” records show. He was declared brain-dead two days later. Caseworkers had previously substantiated allegations of emotional abuse and “caretaker absence.”
* A 2-year-old Pomona girl died May 19 as the result of “severe nutritional neglect,” according to an autopsy report. She weighed only 18 pounds, 7 ounces, comparable to a 5-month-old.
Injuries on her body included scabbed toes, wounds on her arms and legs and a contusion on her forehead, the report said.
Earlier, police records state, she had been removed from her parents and placed in foster care, where she grew normally before being returned to them in the summer of 2007. She later was frequently visited by a child social worker and died just two months after the last visit.
* A 2-year-old girl who died on Sept. 20 after 12 days in a coma. Her mother’s boyfriend reportedly shook and dropped her, according to a report filed with the California Health and Welfare Agency.
The baby’s family was the subject of eight previous calls to the child abuse hotline. All eight complaints were determined to be “inconclusive” or “unfounded.”
Records show that social workers did not follow up on inconsistencies in the family’s explanations for previous burn marks on the child’s arms, nose and face.
Family Services investigators also failed to take note of the mother’s developmental disability, which might have impaired her ability to follow a “safety plan” that allowed her to retain the child.
* An 18-month-old who went into full cardiac arrest while en route to the hospital in an ambulance. A doctor who examined him there suspected abuse when he found bruising to the back of the child’s head.
Two months earlier, another doctor had found bruising on the child’s ear, cheek and buttocks. His mother had told the doctor that she “had an issue with alcohol” and suspected that her son was being abused at her boyfriend’s house, after she fell asleep while drinking. That allegation was deemed inconclusive.
Until the investigations of the 10 cases are resolved, all workers involved have been placed in “desk jobs,” said Trish Ploehn, director of the family services department.
Ploehn acknowledged that the county’s review of child-death cases has been insufficient in recent years. The department did not have enough staff to review the actions of the social workers promptly.
There is supposed to be an independent monitor to identify systemic problems in the department, but that position has been left vacant by county supervisors for more than a year.
Ploehn said the department needs a better computer system for child social workers to help them access vital information held by other departments. For instance, a social worker has no way of knowing automatically whether a child has a history of being treated at a county hospital for unexplained injuries, or if a parent is receiving county mental health services for a disorder that might impair parenting.
The department has previously come under withering criticism for similar cases, but the deaths always came to the attention of the public and the Board of Supervisors one by one, and resulting reforms did not always take hold.
Supervisor Michael D. Antonovich will call today for an investigation of the 14 deaths, as well as enhanced accountability measures and information-sharing across county agencies.
“This shocking report reveals very serious procedural errors and a lack of accountability that has resulted in tragedy,” he said in a press release.
garrett.therolf@latimes.com
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